1, Material characteristics of stainless steel
Stainless steel is called "stainless steel" because it contains at least 10.5% chromium, which enables it to resist corrosion in air or chemical corrosive media. In addition to chromium, stainless steel may also contain alloying elements such as nickel, molybdenum, and titanium, which give stainless steel different characteristics and uses.
In terms of mechanical properties, stainless steel usually has high strength and hardness, which makes it perform well under heavy loads and impacts. Meanwhile, stainless steel also has good toughness and is less prone to fracture. However, these excellent mechanical properties also pose certain challenges to the machining of stainless steel.
2, Requirements for machining process
Mechanical processing is the process of processing raw materials into the desired shape and size through cutting, grinding, stamping, forging and other technological means. During the machining process, the following requirements need to be considered:
Cutting performance: Cutting performance is one of the important indicators for evaluating the mechanical processing performance of materials. Materials with good cutting performance have low cutting force, low cutting temperature, and slow tool wear during the cutting process, which can improve machining efficiency and quality.
Work hardening: During mechanical processing, the surface of the material will undergo hardening due to the action of cutting force. Work hardening can affect the subsequent processing and performance of materials. Therefore, for materials sensitive to work hardening, appropriate processing measures need to be taken to reduce the impact of work hardening.
Thermal stability: During the machining process, a large amount of heat is generated in the cutting area. If the thermal stability of the material is poor, it is prone to problems such as thermal deformation or thermal cracking. Therefore, for materials with high thermal stability requirements, cooling measures need to be taken to control the cutting temperature.
3, The Performance of Stainless Steel in Mechanical Processing
Cutting performance: Stainless steel has relatively good cutting performance. Although it has high hardness and strength, due to its good toughness and high thermal stability, it is not easy to produce blade collapse or fracture during the cutting process. Meanwhile, stainless steel has good thermal conductivity, which helps to reduce cutting temperature and improve cutting efficiency.
Work hardening: Stainless steel undergoes certain work hardening phenomena during mechanical processing. However, due to the good toughness of stainless steel, the effect of work hardening on its subsequent processing and performance is relatively small. In addition, by selecting reasonable machining parameters and cutting tools, the impact of work hardening can be further reduced.
Thermal stability: Stainless steel has good thermal stability and can maintain good mechanical properties at higher cutting temperatures. However, in high-speed cutting or continuous cutting processes, appropriate cooling measures still need to be taken to control the cutting temperature to avoid problems such as thermal deformation or thermal cracking.
