1, Equipment cost difference
Firstly, in terms of equipment cost, CNC machining and 3D printing each have their own advantages. CNC machining machines are usually expensive, especially high-precision and multifunctional CNC machines, which can cost millions or even tens of millions. However, once these machine tools are put into use, their stability and durability often ensure long-term production efficiency. In contrast, the price range of 3D printing equipment is relatively wide, ranging from desktop level small printers to industrial level large printers, with huge price differences. But even industrial grade 3D printers may be priced lower than high-end CNC machines. However, it should be noted that the maintenance cost of 3D printing equipment may be high, especially for high-precision, multi material printers, whose consumables and maintenance costs cannot be ignored.
2, Comparison of Material Costs
There is also a significant difference in material costs between CNC machining and 3D printing. CNC machining usually uses traditional materials such as metal, plastic, wood, etc., which have relatively stable costs and are easy to obtain. 3D printing, on the other hand, relies on special printing materials such as photosensitive resins, metal powders, etc., which may have higher costs and a relatively limited range of choices. In addition, there is less material waste during the 3D printing process because materials are added on demand, while CNC machining may generate more waste due to cutting. However, in mass production, the material utilization rate of CNC machining may be higher, as waste can be reduced by optimizing the cutting path.
3, Production efficiency and processing complexity
Production efficiency is one of the important factors affecting costs. CNC machining has efficient and stable production capacity, especially suitable for large-scale production. When processing complex parts, although multiple programming and disassembly processes may be required, the overall efficiency is still high. 3D printing is known for its unique additive manufacturing method, which can print complex shaped parts in one go without the need for multiple programming and disassembly. However, the printing speed of 3D printing is relatively slow, especially when printing large parts, which may take several hours or even days. Therefore, when rapid production of large quantities of simple parts is required, CNC machining may be more cost-effective; When producing complex and small batch parts, 3D printing may have more advantages.
4, Processing accuracy and success rate
Processing accuracy and success rate are also key factors affecting costs. CNC machining is known for its high precision and stability, which can meet the strict requirements for accuracy in fields such as aviation and national defense. Although 3D printing can also achieve high accuracy, in some cases it may be affected by factors such as material shrinkage and interlayer bonding, leading to a decrease in accuracy. In addition, the success rate of CNC machining is relatively high because its machining process is relatively stable and controllable; However, 3D printing may fail due to various factors such as materials and equipment. Therefore, in situations where high precision and high success rate are required, CNC machining may be more cost-effective.
5, Market supply and demand relationship and customized demand
Finally, the market supply and demand relationship and customized demand will also have an impact on the costs of both. With the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demand for personalization, 3D printing is highly favored for its ability to quickly respond to market changes and meet customized needs. However, this also makes the price of 3D printing services relatively high. In contrast, although CNC machining can also achieve customized production, its production cycle may be longer and its flexibility relatively lower. Therefore, in markets with high demand for customization, 3D printing may be more competitive; In the mass production standard parts market, CNC machining may be more cost-effective.
