Complex parts are very common processed products in CNC machining production. When processing complex parts, the machining process route will include selecting machining methods, dividing machining stages, dividing processes, arranging machining sequences, and determining feed machining routes. Next, we will provide a specific introduction to the analysis and design of CNC machining processes for complex parts.
1. Determination of rough parts
When designing the part process, the selection of the blank refers to determining the type of blank, manufacturing method, and the size of the blank after determining the margin. The material of the parts is steel. According to technical requirements, the parts are required to undergo deburring treatment, which requires a smooth and beautiful appearance. Forgings can be selected based on the structural shape and external dimensions of the parts, as well as the size of the production program.
The raw material of the parts needs to be treated steel because it has high hardness and is suitable for cutting processing. The processing of the entire part can be completed with one clamping of all other processing parts except for processing the blank to the drawing size.
2. Determination of Positioning Datum for Complex Parts
When selecting a rough base for machining, the focus is on ensuring that there is sufficient margin on each machined surface to ensure that the dimensions and positions between the non machined surface and the machined surface meet the requirements of the drawing. Therefore, selecting the plane of the blank as the rough benchmark is sufficient. According to the requirements of concave table processing and hole processing, select the bottom surface of the bottom plate as the positioning reference.
3. Development of process routes for complex parts
When choosing a rough base, the main consideration is how to ensure that each machined surface has sufficient margin to avoid machining. According to the requirements of concave table processing and hole processing, select the bottom surface of the upper pressure plate as the positioning reference.
4. Machine tool selection
Different types of parts should be processed on different CNC machine tools, and machine tools should be selected according to the design requirements of the parts:
(1) CNC lathes are suitable for machining shaft parts with complex shapes and mold cavities formed by complex curve rotations.
(2) CNC vertical boring, milling machines, and vertical machining centers are suitable for processing boxes, box covers, flat cams, templates, complex shaped flat or three-dimensional parts, as well as the inner and outer cavities of molds.
(3) CNC horizontal boring, milling machines, and horizontal machining centers are suitable for processing various complex box parts, pump bodies, valve bodies, shells, etc. The horizontal machining center with multi coordinate linkage can also be used to process various complex curves, surfaces, impellers, molds, etc.
